Skip to content
Felix
  • Topics
    • My List
    • Felix Guide
    • Asset Management
    • Coding and Data Analysis
      • Data Analysis and Visualization
      • Financial Data Tools
      • Python
      • SQL
    • Credit
      • Credit Analysis
      • Restructuring
    • Financial Literacy Essentials
      • Financial Data Tools
      • Financial Math
      • Foundations of Accounting
    • Industry Specific
      • Banks
      • Chemicals
      • Consumer
      • ESG
      • Insurance
      • Oil and Gas
      • Pharmaceuticals
      • Project Finance
      • Real Estate
      • Renewable Energy
      • Technology
      • Telecoms
    • Introductory Courses
    • Investment Banking
      • Accounting
      • Financial Modeling
      • M&A and Divestitures
      • Private Debt
      • Private Equity
      • Valuation
      • Venture Capital
    • Markets
      • Economics
      • Equity Markets and Derivatives
      • Fixed Income and Derivatives
      • Introduction to Markets
      • Options and Structured Products
      • Other Capital Markets
      • Securities Services
    • Microsoft Office
      • Excel
      • PowerPoint
      • Word & Outlook
    • Professional Skills
      • Career Development
      • Expert Interviews
      • Interview Skills
    • Risk Management
    • Transaction Banking
    • Felix Live
  • Pathways
    • Investment Banking
    • Asset Management
    • Equity Research
    • Sales and Trading
    • Commercial Banking
    • Engineering
    • Operations
    • Private Equity
    • Credit Analysis
    • Restructuring
    • Venture Capital
    • CFA Institute
  • Certified Courses
  • Ask An Instructor
  • Support
  • Log in
  • Topics
    • My List
    • Felix Guide
    • Asset Management
    • Coding and Data Analysis
      • Data Analysis and Visualization
      • Financial Data Tools
      • Python
      • SQL
    • Credit
      • Credit Analysis
      • Restructuring
    • Financial Literacy Essentials
      • Financial Data Tools
      • Financial Math
      • Foundations of Accounting
    • Industry Specific
      • Banks
      • Chemicals
      • Consumer
      • ESG
      • Insurance
      • Oil and Gas
      • Pharmaceuticals
      • Project Finance
      • Real Estate
      • Renewable Energy
      • Technology
      • Telecoms
    • Introductory Courses
    • Investment Banking
      • Accounting
      • Financial Modeling
      • M&A and Divestitures
      • Private Debt
      • Private Equity
      • Valuation
      • Venture Capital
    • Markets
      • Economics
      • Equity Markets and Derivatives
      • Fixed Income and Derivatives
      • Introduction to Markets
      • Options and Structured Products
      • Other Capital Markets
      • Securities Services
    • Microsoft Office
      • Excel
      • PowerPoint
      • Word & Outlook
    • Professional Skills
      • Career Development
      • Expert Interviews
      • Interview Skills
    • Risk Management
    • Transaction Banking
    • Felix Live
  • Pathways
    • Investment Banking
    • Asset Management
    • Equity Research
    • Sales and Trading
    • Commercial Banking
    • Engineering
    • Operations
    • Private Equity
    • Credit Analysis
    • Restructuring
    • Venture Capital
    • CFA Institute
  • Certified Courses
Felix
  • Data
    • Company Analytics
    • My Filing Annotations
    • Market & Industry Data
    • United States
    • Relative Valuation
    • Discount Rate
    • Building Forecasts
    • Capital Structure Analysis
    • Europe
    • Relative Valuation
    • Discount Rate
    • Building Forecasts
    • Capital Structure Analysis
  • Models
  • Account
    • Edit my profile
    • My List
    • Restart Homepage Tour
    • Restart Company Analytics Tour
    • Restart Filings Tour
  • Log in
  • Ask An Instructor
    • Email Our Experts
    • Felix User Guide
    • Contact Support

P&C Insurance Modeling

Understand how to model and value P&C insurance companies.

Unlock Your Certificate   
 
0% Complete

16 Lessons (62m)

Show lesson playlist
  • Description & Objectives

  • 1. Model Introduction

    01:31
  • 2. Earned Premiums

    02:53
  • 3. Claims Expense and Reinsurance

    02:52
  • 4. Rest of the Income Statement

    02:36
  • 5. Calculations

    03:48
  • 6. Historical Reserve Analysis

    02:30
  • 7. Historical Payout Analysis

    04:51
  • 8. Historical Claims Payout Schedule

    03:50
  • 9. Forecast Claims Payout Schedule

    04:51
  • 10. Gross Reported Claims BASE Calculation

    02:09
  • 11. Funding Side of the Balance Sheet

    04:33
  • 12. Asset Side of the Balance Sheet

    06:39
  • 13. Financial Returns and Expense

    06:23
  • 14. Discounted Dividend Model

    05:31
  • 15. Relative Valuation

    05:14
  • 16. P&C Insurance Model Tryout


Prev: Life Insurance Modeling

Funding Side of the Balance Sheet

  • Notes
  • Questions
  • Transcript
  • 04:33

Understand how to model the funding side of the balance sheet of a property and casualty insurance company

Downloads

11.1-Funding-side-of-the-balance-sheet-empty11.1-Funding-side-of-the-balance-sheet

Glossary

Financial Modeling funding side of the balance sheet general insurance Insurance P&C property and casualty
Back to top
Financial Edge Training

© Financial Edge Training 2025

Topics
Introduction to Finance Accounting Financial Modeling Valuation M&A and Divestitures Private Equity
Venture Capital Project Finance Credit Analysis Transaction Banking Restructuring Capital Markets
Asset Management Risk Management Economics Data Science and System
Request New Content
System Account User Guide Privacy Policy Terms & Conditions Log in
Transcript

Now we're going to forecast the balance sheet and we're gonna start with the liabilities and equity because that's the funding for the business. So I'm gonna go up and take the assumption for trade and other payables first, all the way at the top where we have the assumptions. And I come down a little bit here.

Trade and other payables. And if I just look at the formula, this will be typically linked to the premiums. So it's premiums written. So I'm gonna take that, the assumption, and then I'm gonna multiply it by premiums written. And this is probably because it's more likely to be related to the actual written premiums, necessarily earned premiums 'cause it's a balance sheet number. So I'm gonna multiply that by the gross written premiums. And then I'll take the other current liabilities. Let me just use the navigation column on the left-hand side here. And I'm gonna come down and get the current liabilities. And again, that's linked to premiums written as well. Most of these items will be linked to the balance sheet, so I'm gonna go to gross written premiums there also. And then I'm going to do a subtotal. There we go. And then we can move on to the long-term liabilities. We'll start with subordinated liabilities. And these typically will be some type of funding for the business, long-term capital funding, but not equity. And in this case we've got a line item, which is the subordinated notes balance. So I'll just take that 259 there. And those notes being issued. Now, the claims reported, that's our first base calculation which I can pick up above.

And I'll take the ending balance and that we'll pull into the balance sheet. And then we've got the incurred but not reported. Now actually, technically what you should see is you should see the claims expense going there first and then go to the reported claims. But actually as long as you keep the ratios constant, it's not gonna make a big difference. And we're just going to take that as 30.8% of the claims provision. So I'll just take that of the claims reported number there. And then we've also got claims handling provisions and these are to do with the expenses of handling the claims. And they will be spread over the time that you actually will expense the claims and that's why it's a liability. So I'm gonna go up to the assumptions and we've got the claims handling provision as a percentage of claims written. So I'm gonna multiply that again from the income statement number. The claims written right at the very top. There we go, gross. I'm always using gross for the balance sheet because the balance sheet includes the reinsurer's share. Then we've got the unearned premium reserve, and I'll take the ending balance from our base calculations for the unearned premium reserves. So let me come up and take that. So we've got equity and then we've got the unearned premium reserve there. So I'll just pull that in. And we have some borrowings as well. So let me go and pull in the borrowings number from the assumptions all the way at the top.

And we've got the borrowings amount and that's just a simple reference there. Then I'll sum it up. And that's the total liabilities. Now the shareholders equity is pretty straightforward. We're just going to take the ending balance of shareholders equity. And we've got a base calculation there. So I'm gonna go up and get the ending balance of the shareholders equity, which is down here. And then we've got another type of capital here, which is just called tier one notes. And these are notes that have been issued into the financial markets that will have tier one criteria from a capital point of view. So it will go towards regulatory capital. And we're just going to pick that up as the tier one notes balance. We're not going to make any adjustments there. So typically they have to be perpetual, they need to be maybe have some loss absorption as well. And then what I'm going to do is sum it up to get my total equity and I'll just sum up the total liabilities and equities. So what I've done there is I've essentially done the funding side of the balance sheet. And it's quite quick to do. And the funding is provided by both the shareholders equity, and the outside capital that's come in, and the reserves provided by the policyholders.

Content Requests and Questions

You are trying to access premium learning content.

Discover our full catalogue and purchase a course Access all courses with our premium plans or log in to your account
Help

You need an account to contact support.

Create a free account or log in to an existing one

Sorry, you don't have access to that yet!

You are trying to access premium learning content.

Discover our full catalogue and purchase a course Access all courses with our premium plans or log in to your account

You have reached the limit of annotations (10) under our premium subscription. Upgrade to unlock unlimited annotations.

Find out more about our premium plan

You are trying to access content that requires a free account. Sign up or login in seconds!

Create a free account or log in to an existing one

You are trying to access content that requires a premium plan.

Find out more about our premium plan or log in to your account

Only US listed companies are available under our Free and Boost plans. Upgrade to Pro to access over 7,000 global companies across the US, UK, Canada, France, Italy, Germany, Hong Kong and more.

Find out more about our premium plan or log in to your account

A pro account is required for the Excel Add In

Find out more about our premium plan

Congratulations on completing

This field is hidden when viewing the form
Name(Required)
This field is hidden when viewing the form
Rate this course out of 5, where 5 is excellent and 1 is terrible.
Were the stated learning objectives met?(Required)
Were the stated prerequisite requirements appropriate and sufficient?(Required)
Were the program materials, including the qualified assessment, relevant and did they contribute to the achievement of the learning objectives?(Required)
Was the time allotted to the learning activity appropriate?(Required)
Are you happy for us to use your feedback and details in future marketing?(Required)

Thank you for already submitting feedback for this course.

CPE

What is CPE?

CPE stands for Continuing Professional Education, by completing learning activities you earn CPE credits to retain your professional credentials. CPE is required for Certified Public Accountants (CPAs). Financial Edge Training is registered with the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) as a sponsor of continuing professional education on the National Registry of CPE Sponsors.

What are CPE credits?

For self study programs, 1 CPE credit is awarded for every 50 minutes of elearning content, this includes videos, workouts, tryouts, and exams.

CPE Exams

You must complete the CPE exam within 1 year of accessing a related playlist or course to earn CPE credits. To see how long you have left to complete a CPE exam, hover over the locked CPE credits button.

What if I'm not collecting CPE credits?

CPE exams do not count towards your FE certification. You do not need to complete the CPE exam if you are not collecting CPE credits, but you might find it useful for your own revision.


Further Help
  • Felix How to Guide walks you through the key functions and tools of the learning platform.
  • Playlists & Tryouts: Playlists are a collection of videos that teach you a specific skill and are tested with a tryout at the end. A tryout is a quiz that tests your knowledge and understanding of what you have just learned.
  • Exam: If you are collecting CPE points you must pass the relevant CPE exam within 1 year to receive credits.
  • Glossary: A glossary can be found below each video and provides definitions and explanations for terms and concepts. They are organized alphabetically to make it easy for you to find the term you need.
  • Search function: Use the Felix search function on the homepage to find content related to what you want to learn. Find related video content, lessons, and questions people have asked on the topic.
  • Closed Captions & Transcript: Closed captions and transcripts are available on videos. The video transcript can be found next to the closed captions in the video player. The transcript feature allows you to read the transcript of the video and search for key terms within the transcript.
  • Questions: If you have questions about the course content, you will find a section called Ask a Question underneath each video where you can submit questions to our expert instructor team.