Build a Basic Bank Income Statement
- 02:02
Understand how to build a basic bank income statement
Transcript
Okay, so let's build a really high level, basic income statement for a bank. So we're gonna start with interest income, and then come down to interest expense, you'll notice that in row 18, we've got net interest margin. So an income statement for a bank is gonna look quite different to a regular corporate. Below that, we've got expenses, which is predominantly headcount, so personnel costs, brings us down to profit before tax. Then we take account of tax and ultimately, we've got net income. We're gonna start with interest income. So if I say, "Equals," and you can see from the assumptions above that the interest rate we are charging on loans to customers is 3%. If I multiply that by the assets of the bank, the loans to customers of 100, then of course, we've got interest income of three. From that, we need to deduct the interest expense. So if we say, "Equals," and scroll up, you can see the interest rate on deposits is 0.2%. So we're gonna multiply that out by the deposits, by the liabilities, and I think if we show this as a negative, let's multiply that by minus one. If we sum those up, then we've got the net interest margin of 2.8. Let's take account of the expenses, which we'd said previously, where, predominantly, compensation costs for personnel. So we're gonna go and grab the expense ratio of 60, so 60%, multiplied by the net interest margin, again, multiplied by minus one. So the expense ratio is something that a bank is gonna work really hard to try and reduce to improve its net income. Okay. Then, we can simply take the net interest margin and the expenses, and we arrive at the profit before tax. Let's take account of the tax. The tax rate is assumed here to be 30%, again, multiplied by minus one, and then we've got the net income for the bank. So that's a really high level, simple income statement for a bank.