Dividends and Share Buy Backs Accounting
- 01:42
Understand the accounting treatment for dividends and share buy backs
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Let's look at the specific accounting for dividends and share buybacks. Let's start with dividends. Dividends are not expenses in the income statement. However, they do get charged directly to retained earnings. We pay a dividend. Assets go down, specifically cash goes down, and also equity goes down. Specifically, this is charged to retained earnings. If cash reduces, then of course net debt is going to increase. If we have an increase in net debt and at the same time, a reduction in equity, we have a fundamental change in capital structure in favor of debt. So at this point, it's worth considering the formula for earnings per share. Earnings per share is equal to net income divided by weighted average shares outstanding. Since there's no impact on net income, and there's also no impact on the number of shares, there's no impact on earnings per share when we pay dividends. Now, let's think about accounting for share buybacks. If we approach investors and buyback shares from them, then cash will go down based on whatever the prevailing offer price is for those shares. In addition, we recognize a corresponding decrease in equity. In fact, we recognize this under a line item referred to as treasury stock. It's important to recognize that treasury stock appears in the balance sheet as a negative number. Since this doesn't give rise to any expense, then there is no impact on net income in any way when we buy back shares. However, if we're gonna buy back shares, then the weighted average shares outstanding is gonna decrease, which will in affect increased earnings per share.