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Deconstructing Insurance Financial Statements

Understand the key principals and methods used in insurance accounting

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22 Lessons (62m)

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  • Description & Objectives

  • 1. Insurance Income Statement

    01:54
  • 2. Earned and Unearned Premiums

    01:50
  • 3. Unearned Premiums Workout

    03:11
  • 4. P&C Claims and Reserves

    03:43
  • 5. Claims Reserves Workout

    03:24
  • 6. IBNR Reserves

    02:56
  • 7. Claims Development Workout

    02:39
  • 8. Insurance Reserves Workout

    03:16
  • 9. P&C Balance Sheet

    03:01
  • 10. Life Insurance Accounting

    04:04
  • 11. Net Premium Approach Workout

    03:57
  • 12. Life Insurance Profits Workout

    04:01
  • 13. Investment Type Policies

    02:25
  • 14. Investment Type Policies Workout

    03:40
  • 15. Deferred Acquisition Costs

    01:59
  • 16. DAC Asset Workout

    02:31
  • 17. Reinsurance Accounting

    02:12
  • 18. Reinsurance Reserves Workout

    02:40
  • 19. Investments

    03:18
  • 20. Investments Workout

    02:26
  • 21. Example Financial Statements

    02:39
  • 22. Deconstructing Insurance Financial Statements Tryout


Prev: Insurance Industry Overview Next: Insurance Regulation

Deferred Acquisition Costs

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  • Transcript
  • 01:59

Introduces the concept of deferred acquisition costs (DAC)

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Glossary

Acquisition Costs DAC Insurance Accounting
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Transcript

Insurance companies incur major upfront costs when they're selling a policy, and these costs are referred to as acquisition costs. Now, acquisition costs include commissions paid to brokers, so that's amounts paid to those selling the policies on behalf of the insurance company. It also includes underwriter compensation, so that's amounts paid to the underwriters that help the insurance companies to price and assess the risks that they're taking on. And finally, it includes new business processing costs. So that's the administrative costs incurred when you're processing a new policy. Now, if all these costs were simply expensed immediately, it would make any new policy loss making on day one, as all those expenses would be showing in earnings, whilst the profits from the policy are earned gradually over the coverage period. Now, as you might expect, the accounting comes to the rescue. It always likes to try and match revenues and costs. So in this situation, it allows these acquisition costs to be capitalized and then amortized over the coverage period. Now, this is done in exactly the same way as we capitalize and amortize and intangible assets. And for P&C contracts, this is usually done on a straight line basis. Also, any further acquisition costs which are incurred during the policy, let's say there's a broker commission for a policy renewal then that would be added to the capitalized costs and then expensed over the remaining coverage period. The capitalized costs are referred to as deferred acquisition costs, or a DAC asset. For life insurance, the same principle applies in terms of capitalizing and amortizing the DAC asset, but the pattern of amortization will broadly reflect the pattern of premiums received from policy holders, rather than being on a straight line basis. The deck asset can be a surprisingly material asset on the balance sheet, particularly for life insurance companies. And it isn't always presented in the same place, so you sometimes have to hunt around for it. Some companies present it separately on the face of the balance sheet while others include it in intangibles, and there's some that include it within other assets.

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