Central Banks
- 02:12
Understand the involvement of the central bank in bank to bank transactions
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Transcript
Okay, so domestically, if I want to make a payment as A Ryden limited, I bank with Barclays Bank and I wanna pay R Bottomley and he banks With HSBC, this is what will happen. A Ryden will send an electronic message to Barclays Bank Bank, a for 20 Pounds. Bank A will send a message to Central Banks, a pay on my behalf from A Ryden to R Bottomley at HSBC 20. There will then be a message that the Central bank send on to bank B HSBC and HSBC will communicate to Richard Bottomley that A Ryden Limited has paid 20 Pounds. The Central Bank actually debited the account of Barclays Bank a 20 Pounds and credited the bank account of HSBC 20 Pounds. Therefore, all of our 20 Pounds were in the Central Bank. And for the question I put before, well I've got 100 Pounds of cash sitting in my back pocket. Is that with the Central Bank? Well, actually it is. The Royal Mint has a bank account with the Central Bank, which adds up to be the total of cash that's in circulation. So there is an entry in the Central bank that is a liability out for the amount of cash that I've got in my back pocket. And we all have. So if we then move on and we look at this on an international basis, are all US Dollars held in New York? Okay, well, instead of it being 20 Pounds, A Ryden has to pay Richard Bottomley $20 a riding communicates to Barclays Bank, London, Barclays Bank in London get in touch with their branch over in New York and says to the branch in New York, I need to pay $20. They see that the correspondent bank for HSBC London is HSBC, New York. So there was a message from Barclays Bank, New York to the Central Bank saying, please pay $20 to HSBC, New York for onward transmission to HSBC London to be payable to the account of R Bottomley limited, just like the domestic. What happens is the Central Bank debits, the account of Barclays Bank, New York, and credits the account of HSBC, New York. Therefore, all the dollars were always in New York and everything else was just little digits in a computer moving around. But the actual dollars are there in New York. So in short, yes, all cash is held at Central Banks. And yes, all US dollars are held in New York.